What is the Java Virtual Machine (JVM)?

The JVM is a runtime environment that executes Java bytecode and provides platform independence, memory management, and garbage collection for Java applications.

What is the difference between JDK and JRE?

The JDK includes tools for developing Java applications, while the JRE provides the runtime environment required to execute Java programs.

What are Java collections?

Java collections are data structures from the java.util package, such as List, Set, and Map, that provide methods for storing, accessing, and manipulating groups of objects.

Java Interview Questions

51. How do streams differ from collections?

52. What are intermediate and terminal operations in streams?

53. How does lazy evaluation work in Java streams?

54. What are Optional objects in Java?

55. What problems does Optional solve?

56. What are exceptions in Java?

57. What is the difference between checked and unchecked exceptions?

58. How does exception propagation work?

59. What are custom exceptions?

60. What are common exception-handling best practices?