What is the Java Virtual Machine (JVM)?

The JVM is a runtime environment that executes Java bytecode and provides platform independence, memory management, and garbage collection for Java applications.

What is the difference between JDK and JRE?

The JDK includes tools for developing Java applications, while the JRE provides the runtime environment required to execute Java programs.

What are Java collections?

Java collections are data structures from the java.util package, such as List, Set, and Map, that provide methods for storing, accessing, and manipulating groups of objects.

Java Interview Questions

11. What is the difference between heap memory and stack memory?

12. How does memory management work in Java?

13. What is garbage collection?

14. How does Java garbage collection work internally?

15. What are strong, weak, soft, and phantom references?

16. What are memory leaks in Java applications?

17. How would you debug memory leaks in Java?

18. What are primitive data types in Java?

19. What is the difference between primitive and reference types?

20. What are wrapper classes in Java?